Feed on
Posts
Comments

Poetry Exercise 4

Write a poem using one of these poetic forms or types, all of which are discussed in the glossary of literary terms on this blog:

Ekphrasis 

“Description” in Greek. An ekphrastic poem is a vivid description of a scene or, more commonly, a work of art. Through the imaginative act of narrating and reflecting on the “action” of a painting or sculpture, the poet may amplify and expand its meaning…Browse more ekphrastic poems.

Elegy

In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that laments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John Milton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d.” Browse more elegies.

Ghazal

(Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with loss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually making it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete couplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on the same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming word (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet includes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each couplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both erotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who have composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha Shahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”

Litany

Initially a prayer or supplication used in formal and religious processions, the litany has been more recently adopted as a poetic form that catalogues a series. This form typically includes repetitious phrases or movements, sometimes mimicking call-and-response. These examples by Luis Chaves, Richard Siken, and Cory Wade are poems explicitly noted as litanies, while others such as Ginsberg’s “Kaddish” sustain the form’s elements throughout.

 

It’s Always the Girls

The poem “Teenage Lesbian Couple Found in Texas Park with Gunshot Wounds to the Head” by Meg Day is an extremely powerful poem. The first thing that I noticed that helps make it so powerful is the repetition of “It’s always the girls” that starts off each stanza. As JGB always says, when you repeat something it makes the message that much more powerful.

Another thing that makes it so powerful is the message inside. This poem is about being a woman today.

“Training us like dogs to flinch every time you raise a hand.”

This line is talking about the deranged mentality of some men who think women should be obedient to them and to not stand our ground. Like dogs, we should do as our master says and accept our punishment when we don’t.

“But still pop up in pairs along Colonial Parkway & in Medford”

This line refers to the fear that is ingrained deep in our minds as females. The fear that we shouldn’t travel alone because anything could happen. Most women today feel unsafe if they go out by themselves whether it is to do something as simple as grocery shopping or as said in the quote hiking on a trail. We are taught as young girls that the world is full of dangers and predators, the majority of them being men. It’s interesting to compare this to how men are raised. They aren’t taught to be fearful and cautious, they are taught to live freely and do as they please. They aren’t taught the dangers of the world and because of this some of them grow up to be those dangers.

This poem brings to light the harsh reality of being a woman today and the fear that we live with on a daily basis. With all the stories of rapes, muggings, stabbings, and shootings, it’s no wonder we are so afraid. There is much to fear.

Riddle me this

Reading poems in “Last Psalm at Sea Level” by Meg Day. The poem that I could relate, and understand to the most is Answer My Questions:. This poem make sure us think about the beginning of time in a more of a modern mindset, Meg Day writes

“Who called the time”

By saying this she make us question literal time and metaphorical time, in a sense that relates to others and to ourselves. When thinking about the literal numbers on the clock, do we ever question out loud why those numbers are on the clock? Or who even thought of numbers? Or even a more basic though who thought of the actual clock itself.

“To form the ones & twos

that make just after eleven”

Each of the sections she refers to like

“How taught them to hold the pencil

that recorded the hour, ticks marks

in a bedpost, or your height

against the kitchen wall”

I feel that this can be referred to plenty of things, it could mean by saying “ticks marks in a bedpost” the number of people you have slept with or the average kid playing and writing on there bed when younger. This has a much younger approach by saying

“height against the kitchen wall”

Because at a certain age you stop growing. Though I feel Meg Day has a purpose for writing these three stanzas before the last line, I believe she is trying to direct our attention away and then wants to hit us like a ton of bricks and says,

“How do you choose a coffin

for a body that’s still growing”

The definition of the word coffin is “a long, narrow box, typically of wood, in which a corpse is buried or cremated.”  Which could be cremated as stated above and the coffin in buried. But the definition of the word grow is “of a living thing undergoing natural development by increasing in size and changing physically.” The two words coffin and growing can’t exist together. So to plainly answer Meg Day’s question… you can’t it’s not physically possible for this to happen. The coffin when your dead is fit to your size right at that moment. She does this on purpose to make us think about how the voice is feeling and that is is really that deep.

I think what Meg Day is talking about in this poem the voice is talking to us when they are alone, when this person is lonely, how do you cope with not wanting to be on earth anymore. By giving us her simple but complex thoughts in the beginning of this poem she gives us a hard look at the reality of dying when you are not ready.

“Answer My Questions:” is a poem written by Meg Day that is written from the point of view of someone having to witness the impending or current death of a child. This is told to me by the last couplet in the poem,

How do you choose a coffin

for a body that’s still growing

This poem really spoke to me, not for similar life experiences, but I feel sympathetic to the sadness and desperate questioning the narrator is feeling. It talks about some child developmental milestones like in the second stanza.

who taught them to hold the pencil

that recorded the hour, tick marks

in a bedpost, or your height

against the kitchen wall

I find this to be a great example of humanizing the entire story and making it feel more real because it describes a common tradition in families, which makes the reader feel more connected to the story in this poem.

 

“On Nights When I Am Always Almost A Mother” by Meg Day is a short poem composed of lines no longer then three words each. Through the literary devices of vivid imagery and descriptive language Meg evokes a feeling of empathy in the reader. There is a deep sense of loss and sadness in this poem. This sadness comes from a woman who longs to be a mother, who almost became a mother, but still, despite the very real prospect,  is not. This poem is a description of what a mother longing for her lost child feels like. It seems as though, to lose a child feels like “a murmured rumor passing from one ear to another.” It feels like losing something you are trying desperately to hold onto but cannot quite get a grasp on, like something precious that belongs to you has been cruelly and unrightfully stripped away, or like yearning for someone that you know you will never get to see.  

Games of form

In her collection of poems Last Psalm at Sea Level, Meg Day explores different form to treat different subjects and their limits. In the poem “On the Day That He Goes, I Will”, she dedicates the poem to Avery and we can imagine that this is one of her loved ones. The first surprise is at the very beginning with the lack of a capital letter to start the poem. Indeed, it makes us feel that something is missing and that we arrive in the middle of something that we don’t know. The presence of the point at the end of the first short sentence emphasizes this feeling and also creates an interesting rhythm that is fragmented. But what is most striking to me, is the fact that we actually don’t know how to read the poem. Or, to be more precise, we have at least three different ways to read it: considering that there are two different stanzas, the one on the left and the one on the right and reading them one after another; Reading by lines without paying attention to the space left on the page between the left and the right sections; Or, reading the two sections one after another but starting with the left one first.

These three different ways to read the poem are interesting because it doesn’t really change the content of it and we still comprehend it but it changes the chronological order of it. If we start by reading the left section and then the right one as a following, we feel that the first stanza is addressed to a person, probably Avery, and that the second section is a response to the first one and is an introspective reflection that the speaker has. If we read by lines without paying attention to the two sections, it feels like every line of the right side answers or gives more information about the left side and it is really interesting. It gives the impression that the poem could be one or the other and feel complete too but that the right section/stanza is more developed when the first one feels concise.

Overall, the form and how the author plays with it in this poem shows a variety of possible ways to read a poem without taking away the meaning of it and the intention which pushes the limits of the form pretty far and is inspiring as it feels like a unity.

Meg Day’s “Answer My Questions:” is a sorrowful poem about the impending death of someone close to the speaker.  In the poem, the speaker uses “you” to address the dying person, but it doesn’t seem as though they actually voice these thoughts to the person aloud.  Throughout the poem, the speaker makes references to things that indicate the dying person is a child. In my mind, this paints a scene of the speaker thinking these terrible thoughts while with the child, perhaps looking at them tenderly as they lie vulnerably in a hospital bed.  Who could say these things to a child? The speaker must deal with them internally, this poem of their thoughts their only outlet for their grief.

The speaker doesn’t outright say that the dying person is a child, which leaves it to the reader to draw this sad conclusion.  The second stanza in particular references things that one would do to mark the growth of a young child:

“Who taught them to hold the pencil

that recorded the hour, tick marks

in a bedpost, or your height

against the kitchen wall”

Part of the impact of this poem is the lack of confirmation that it is a child who is dying, because it allows the reader to hope that they read the poem wrong, that it’s someone who has lived a long and happy life in this situation instead of a child who hasn’t yet experienced the world.  This hope mirrors the hope that the speaker might still feel that the child will make a sudden recovery.

But the very structure of the poem crushes this hope.  The first three stanzas are quatrains, but the last breaks this pattern and is only a couplet; cut short, just like the child’s life will soon be.  The speaker seems to have accepted this by the end, as they go from asking “who” at the beginning of each stanza to asking:

“How do you choose a coffin

for a body that’s still growing”

Asking “who” is a way of demanding accountability from the universe, or perhaps a deity, as though the speaker wants to find out so they can argue or bargain for the child’s life.  Bargaining is the third stage of grief; the fourth being depression, and the last, acceptance. By the end of the poem, the speaker seems to have nearly reached acceptance, as they are clearly beginning to make preparations for the child’s death.  Asking “how” means they are no longer looking to change what will happen. What’s even sadder is that it’s clear that the child hasn’t died yet; in a way, this poem represents a person’s attempt to reconcile the fact that someone close to them will soon die.  But no matter how much they try to deal with grief before the person leaves them, the true sorrow is yet to come. No amount of preparation helps.

For this exercise, you should select two or three lines from one of the poems we’ve read, and write your own poem by applying to those lines the rules of The Golden Shovel. Place your poem in the Poetry Exercise 2 folder on Google Drive by class on Tuesday, March 12.

Here is an explanation of The Golden Shovel:

From Poetry:

Introduction: The Golden Shovel

The Golden Shovel is a poetic form readers might not — yet — be 
familiar with. It was devised recently by Terrance Hayes in homage to Gwendolyn Brooks, whose centenary year this is. The last words of each line in a Golden Shovel poem are, in order, words from a line or lines taken often, but not invariably, from a Brooks poem. The results of this technique can be quite different in subject, tone, and texture from the source poem, depending upon the ingenuity and imagination of the poet who undertakes to compose one. As Robert Lee Brewer has pointed out, such a poem is part cento, part erasure. But don’t let the word “erasure” mislead you. A poem in this form adds something even where it subtracts; the sum isn’t necessarily greater than the parts, but in keeping with the spirit of paying tribute, it is more than equal to them.

Hayes’s inaugural poem in the form gave the form its name, and takes its title — and much else — from Brooks’s cherished “We Real Cool.” In fact, the Hayes poem absorbed every single word from the Brooks poem, and it did so twice. “The Golden Shovel” is a tour de force, so practitioners of this new form have both Brooks and Hayes to live up to. In Brooks’s poem, you’ll recall, the pool players — 
“Seven at the Golden Shovel” — are larger than life, facing mortality and bigotry with defiant, memorable verve. These young men will “die soon,” perhaps; but in poetry, they are, like the poem itself and Brooks’s legacy, immortal.

The appeal of the form is straightforward, and induces people of all ages to give it a try: established and neophyte poets, school children, and people who’ve never tried to write poetry before. So 
attractive is this new form that hundreds of them have been carefully and entertainingly compiled by the poet-teachers Peter Kahn, Ravi Shankar, and Patricia Smith for The Golden Shovel Anthology: New Poems Honoring Gwendolyn Brooks, which will be published this month by the University of Arkansas Press. Poetry, which is proud to have first published Brooks’s wonderful poem in 1959 and many others besides, is a fitting place to present the following sampling of Golden Shovel poems in her honor. As her acolyte Haki Madhubuti wrote in these pages, Brooks’s “greatest lesson to us all is that serving one’s community as an artist means much more than just creating art.” I hope you’ll agree that far more than serving as an exercise in poetic form, Golden Shovel poems are a fresh and vital way of embracing and documenting voices around us that must be heard and felt.

Question and Answer

Answer My Question: is a poem by Meg Day in her collection Last Psalm at Sea Level. This poem feels almost like a curse, probably towards God for taking something important from the author. The opening lines suggest the thing taken from them was a loved one. It begins:

Who called the time, wrote

The numbers, where did they learn

To form the ones & twos

That make just after eleven

They’re asking God, an all knowing being who created everything, who gave them the right to creat time. Who gave them the right to give it and then take it away at random.

The author continues to curse at the deity. Begging for answers as to why this is happening, why they have to go through this horrible situation and who gave them the right to cause this.

It isn’t until the end when our author stops asking “who” and starts asking “how.”

How do you choose a coffin

For a body that’s still growing

The question of why this poem was written is revealed in two heart breaking lines. Leaving us with an answer but the author still with only questions.

Meg Day’s “When They Took Her Breasts, She Dreamt of Icarus” is a poem describing the aftermath of a mastectomy, in which Icarus entertains our speaker as she recovers with all the grace of the titular figure plummetting into the ocean. Though complicated by enjambment and slants, the rhyme scheme is a clear indicator of the form the poem takes: it’s made up of sonnets.

The first stanza takes on the rhyme scheme of an English sonnet, the classic ABABCDCDEFEFGG, while the second takes on the ABBACDDCEFFEGG of Italian sonnets. The third stanza, again in Italian rhyme, complicates matters, as instead of ten to twelve syllables per line, it is made up of at least fourteen syllables per line. (Because of this syllabic variation, I want to tread lightly in calling it a sonnet, but poetry frequently takes on more complicated forms than high school teachers were ever willing to admit, so a sonnet it is.) This length lends emphasis to this final stanza, as Icarus and the speaker discuss their thoughts on their inevitable deaths.

The content of the poem is somewhat narrative, with the speaker describing the process of undergoing and recovering from surgeries, giving us such details as her punctured lungs and cauterized cuts. The poem begins with her near death and ends with her reflection on what she wants her death to be; unlike Icarus, whose story most audiences find themselves intimately familiar with, the poem’s speaker is yet undecided, which is apparently how she wants it.

O, how I’d come to crave the surprise of death instead of its prediction:

let me be amazed by my departure, let it be some unafflicted eviction

This is one of the only moments in the poem in which the speaker is an active participant. The work is so much about the things that happen to her. These two lines are a rare instance of her agency, which she uses to bring her story to its end.

How we kill

In “Lethal Theater” by Susannah Nevison I read the poem titled Witness the thing about “Lethal Theater” is there are 4 poems titled witness. The poem I read talks about the voice having to euthanize there dog 2 years ago. I believe there is a deeper meaning to this poem than just having to euthanize there dog, since Nevison is trying to convey throughout this book the idea of “the ritual of violence that underpaid the American prison system, both domestically and abroad.” From the context of this section, this one in particular really cueing in on lethal injection, that this is a police officer trying to reason with him self that the best way to kill someone or something is through a lethal injection. The tone of this poem seems nonchalant but also has a darker side because of that nonchalant attitude. Nevison says,

“And you don’t want to do that.”

in context that you don’t want to kill your dog, but the voice sounds as if they don’t necessarily care. For example when your mom sees you in the kitchen and watches you almost take a cookie out of the cookie jar and she says “you don’t want to do that.” It’s not a caring enough statement to show that the voice really cares about the dog dying. There is no source of sadness until the end and it reads,

“It’s the only time I’ve seen anyone die.”

Which turns the focus onto the voice not the dog that just died because there owner had to euthanize it. Nevison says

“But it’s the most humane way to do it.”

is it the most humane way to do it? This is left not up for the audience to decide because the voice already told us very clearly that it is this way. Though many people might agree with ending a life quickly when they are in pain, I think it depends on your morals in life.

“Having not see the others,…”

This quote reminds me of her purpose of writing this book and make me question who the “others” are. This poem is not only about how people or things die but how we kill each other.

Poetry Exercise 1

Write a poem divided into two sections. One section should include these words: purple, giraffe, orchid, ruining, and glass. The other section should include these words: supple, carafe, lurid, unshoeing, and sluice.

You should place your poem in the Poetry Exercise 1 folder on Google Drive before class on Thursday, February 28.

These are amazing:each

Joining a neighbor, as through speech

Were a still performance.

Arranging by chance…..

– John Ashbery “Some Trees”

This poem repetitively uses metaphors “joining a neighbor, as though speech” using speech to connect to one another, and the image of a tree and its roots joining. The use of imagery helps to understand the significance and meaning of what the speaker is attempting to portray.

 

 

Ansel Elkins poem “A Girl with Antlers” is a medium-length tale about a girl finding herself though she is different.

Throughout the poem, the speaker is meant to represent the hard transition many find themselves faced with. She grows up. The poem is segmented into different portions of her life, from her birth to the moment she is perceived to become a woman. In her birth we learn her mother died while she survived, and through the word choice and an opposing line we realize she feels guilt over this. She tells of a midwife naming her Monster, along with her mother coming to her in a dream. Her mother tells her she must find happiness with who she is, but when she awakes she is still alone and guilty in the woods.

When a woman finds her and brings her in, the speaker realizes how different she is by the woman’s expectations. She wishes the girl to wear dresses and gets concerned when her antlers aren’t shed like a whitetail deer’s. The speaker reminds the woman she isn’t a deer. While the two have opposing views on some things, it is the first acceptance the girl finds. This leads to the ending line, which impacts the speaker in a big way. She seems to finally accept herself as she is and be proud of it once the woman tells her:

You are fearfully and wonderfully made.

Mainly, the poem is about accepting everything that makes up you. The fearful things, the things that you think are wrong or monstrous, and the wonderful things as well. You must find happiness in the wildness of you and never change who you are for someone else’s acceptance.

Antlers

 

“The Girl With Antlers” by Ansel Elkins is a quirky, complex and somewhat enchanting poem. Tracing a girl’s life from her birth to her teen years, the poem starts out by describing, in gruesome detail, how a baby girl was in fact born with antlers, which made the delivery a painful, displeasing process. Abandoned, and dubbed a monster by the midwife who aided the delivery, the girl grasped onto some words her mother presented to her in a dream: “You must find joy within your own wild self.” Swept up by a concerned women in the woods, the girl spent many of her evenings, as a youth, sitting by a roaring fire, listening to the tales the women had to share. The woman did pause every now and then to watch the shadows from the girls antlers dance across the wall illuminated by the intense glow from the flames. The woman worried, the young girl did not want to wear dresses, she roamed the forest naked. She never conformed to the typical customs of those around her, rather, she stayed steadfast to her unique self. When the girl was fifteen she saw that a change had occurred, no longer were her antlers something to gawk at, they had transformed into a beautiful aspect of this young girl that only strengthened her image. The poem comes to a close with the woman saying “What you are, I cannot say but nature has created you. You are fearfully and wonderfully made.” Quoting Psalm 119:14, this poem expresses the belief that humans each have something specific to themselves that sets them apart from others and regardless of what that defining characteris may be each person was created with the utmost care and consideration.

Titles are Important

When I first read “Going to the Movies Alone” by Ansel Elkins, I had not paid much attention to the title. In doing so, the first few lines seemed extremely disturbing and like something one of the darker versions of The Joker would write.

Tonight, I want to see something explode.
I want to see a dirty blonde
in a ripped white tank
pointing a gun at a bald man
who looks like me.
I want to see a lot less talk and a lot more action.
I want to watch a powerful man be seduced
by the wrong woman.

This, if taken completely out of the context that the speaker wants to see an action movie, sounds disturbing and like the slow ramblings of an unstable person.

The speaker describes a movie in which lots of people die; the main protagonist is someone somewhat normal, like him; and even though a lot of bad things happened, they still consider it a victory. This feels like that’s what the narrator is feeling in his life, and he is looking for a similar resolution to his movie, to his own life. The title “Going to the Movies Alone” says exactly that about the narrator and that he’s looking for a short escape from reality and that he probably wouldn’t be going alone if that wasn’t his only option.

 

In few words, Ansel Elkins embodies an omnivert’s character. The speaker is confident enough to go to the movies alone, but goes to the movies to allow himself to experience the feelings he’s missing out on. But he’s fine with missing out on it. The speaker seems to be content with life as it is, doing only what is necessary and not putting himself out there to be scrutinized by others. And when he’s feeling the need to experience something, he goes to the movies by himself and watches something for what ever feeling he has that day. It’s a feeling not everyone gets, especially people who constantly need the reassurance of those around them, but for an omnivert there’s something that makes you feel content about just being.

Every, Riven, Thing.

“Riven” is defined as something that is split or torn apart, and that is exactly what Christian Wiman does to the first lines of each stanza in “Every Riven Thing.” He repeats the phrase “God goes belonging to every riven thing he’s made” at the beginning of each stanza, but uses different punctuation to change the meaning each time. In the first stanza, he discusses how evidence of God exists in everything that God has created, simply because those things are what they are.

“God goes, belonging to every riven thing he’s made

sing his being simply by being

the thing it is:

stone and tree and sky,

man who sees and sings and wonders why”

He then uses the same beginning sentence structure and alters the punctuation so that he’s able to write about what “belonging” means to everything in the universe. What’s even more fantastic is that the last line of each stanza blends into the first line of the next, making one complete sentence that spans the gap. For example, between the first stanza and the next, the complete phrase “man who sees and sings and wonders why God goes.” exists despite the gap:

“man who sees and sings and wonders why

 

God goes. Belonging, to every riven thing he’s made,

means a storm of peace.

Think of the atoms inside the stone.

Think of the man who sits alone

trying to will himself into a stillness where”

Despite the poem’s focus on the state of being riven, each part of the poem flows easily into the next. The first three stanzas begin with God (creation), move into nature (existence), and end with man (questioning). In the second to last stanza, however, Wiman breaks from this pattern and doesn’t discuss nature. Instead, he focuses on the relationship between man’s pondering mind and the existence of God.

“God goes belonging to every riven thing. He’s made

the things that bring him near,

made the mind that makes him go.

A part of what man knows,

apart from what man knows,”

Wiman seems to be saying that man’s questioning of God’s existence is what makes God exist, and should bring us closer instead of farther from the divine. The poem feels like an attempt to comfort someone who feels that their disbelief is separating them from God. The end rhyme pattern Wiman uses is erratic, but adds to the almost prayer-like feel of the poem. In this stanza, Wiman uses word play to make his point, toying with the contrast between “a part” and “apart.” Continuing the theme of separation, each thought in every line, with two exceptions, is incomplete, and continues into the next line or the next stanza. The first exception is the line, “Think of the atoms inside the stone,” which shows how the speaker admires the simplicity of nature, and continues the theme that being exactly what you are is the best way to be closer to God. The second exception is the last line, when Wiman completes the poem with the full, unriven sentence:

“God goes belonging to every riven thing he’s made.”

The Portrait

In “The Portrait,” the narrator describes his experiences growing up in his mother’s grief. His mother apparently decided to erase her husband’s memory from their home, saying, “She locked his name/ in her deepest cabinet/ and would not let him out/ though I could hear him thumping.” When the narrator tried to bring his father up, years later, his mother tore up the photo and slapped her child, unable to face her feelings on the matter. The nature of grief is such that those experiencing it do odd things, and this woman never fully was able to process these feelings, which made her lash out at her child for daring to acknowledge that this was an experience she had.

Poetry as art

In Robert Hayden’s “Those Winter Sunday’s” he gives us a poem about memory, recalling actions of his father who each Sunday would wake up early and make a fire for them and shine his shoes. He added,

“No one ever thanked him”

He uses a reflective tone, and is very aware and greatful of the sacrifice that his hard father (parent figure) has made for him. He started to realize in his later years that his father went unnoticed and unappreciated and he’s dedicating this poem to his father. This poem brings up loneliness, that his father was alone while doing these kind acts, parental duty that the father has to his family, how time heals unnoticed feelings,

“What did I know, what did I know”

Fathers and mother as well do things not asking for anything in return, which is what the father has done. Hayden uses the word “did” because he’s using a reflective tone acknowledging the past that he was young and naïve. Work and family plays a huge part in this poem as well, because most fathers and mothers would do anything for there family\son or daughters.

In Stanley Kunitz’s “A Portrait” we are introduced to a mother that is hurt, distressed, sad and embarrassed about the passing of her early husband.

My mother never forgave my father

for killing himself,

especially at such an awkward time

and in a public park,…”

Taking this in a literal and figurative way, we see later on in the poem that the father killed himself before the son was born, and he never got a chance to meet him. The poem carries itself in a way that appears as the father killed himself because of the son being born and the father not wanting anything to do with the son,  but it’s not for sure.

“…when I was waiting to be born.” 

Kunitz gives us a poem full of confusion, pain and sorrow. Instead of the mom facing her fears she decided to cope another way by taking her anger out on her son that didn’t know any better, or did he? He thinks of his father as a heroic figure as most children do and wanted an explanation on why he isn’t around anymore, or where he went. When the mother slaps him hard he could still feel it many years later burning on his check.

“she ripped it into shreds

without a single word

and slapped me hard

In my sixty-fourth year

I can feel my cheek

still burning.”

Though this sounds as if it’s a terrible thing done to the son (because it is) it’s imoorstnt to also think about how they mother was feeling during this interaction. It’s doesn’t justify it,  ut it shows the audience that the passing of her ex husband hurts her as well and she doesn’t want to address it.

 

To Suffer

Dave Lucas’, “About Suffering” is a beautiful, rich poem that addresses the topic of suffering. The poem begins by pointing out what true suffering is. Whether suffering strikes the unexpecting, regular people leading regular lives or people who knew misfortune was on its way,  genuine suffering comes bearing great impact. Through the use of imagery and a narrator who seems to completely empathize with the character of true suffering, Lucas paints a detailed picture of how suffering feels. The poem initially explained that, “Suffering… is incubated by the sidewalk speak of bureaucrats and under soft, fluorescent suns of waiting rooms,” meaning,  it can be anywhere, at anytime and affecting anyone. Referencing Icarus at the beginning, Lucas moves forward saying “Icarus is not for us, he flies and falls, that’s all.” In other words tales of suffering similar to those of Icarus do not have much leverage. Icarus did not experience the tragic, drawn out agony that so often comes with suffering. It seems as though Lucas does not consider Icarus to be a story about true suffering, because the content does not reach a depth that can properly relate to people who are devoured by suffering.  It is so much deeper than just a fall. The poem continues to give vivid images of what suffering can be like. For example, suffering can be like “cuts that bleed you dry.” Coming to the conclusion that “love and work and life could be passing vapor, and all the wings he’s made he’s made of paper.” allude to the fact that all that human suffering may have been in vain and will yield no benefit.

 

Abandonment

Stanley Kunitz’s poem “The Portrait” explores how loss, abandonment, and childhood incidents last with people long after they have passed.

As much as this poem is about the speaker, it is also about his mother. He begins the poem introducing the fact that his father committed suicide in a public park when his mother was still pregnant with him. He does this with very plain language, not using any similes or metaphors, to set up the reality of his childhood. It was just a fact to him, nothing more or less, but he became curious as children tend to when something is off limits to them.

The mother obviously feels very abandoned at this time, left to raise a child all by herself. She is angry at him for leaving and locks everything about him up, not even speaking his name. By not addressing the loss, grief, and anger she has, she ends up lashing out and hurting her child for being curious about his own father. This stays with him long after it is done, much like his mother’s grief and anger stays with her. And, much like her, he probably never addressed how this affected him out loud, until he wrote the poem.

Icarus and Daedalus

Dave Lucas’ “About Suffering” is a poem that lives up to it’s name. Lucas writes about suffering, specifically about a cancer diagnosis, and relates it to the famous myth of Icarus and how he flew too close to the sun with wax wings.

He begins by stating how suffering is not like Icarus’ great fall from the sky. Suffering isn’t some big spectacle or event, for the most part, and most often happens in little, lonely ways. He goes on to talk about being diagnosed with lung cancer, using a simile about how they are like wings, tying back to Icarus and giving wonderful imagery for something so terrible. He goes on to point out how those that suffer aren’t like Icarus at all, as he is young, proud, and arrogant. In a way, the world must make him fall according to Lucas.

It is his father, Daedalus, who truly suffers in that story and who people can relate to. Daedalus has worked years on these wings to escape, thanklessly, and poured all his hope into them. He is the one who fears failure. Icarus is too bold and thus he lives fully, while Daedalus is too afraid, which causes him to suffer. He fears that he will never be enough, that all his work will bear no fruit, and his entire life has been for naught. That is why he’s relatable and why Icarus is not for us.

Love

T.R. Hummer’s poem “Where You Go When She Sleeps” is about love and the strange effect it can have on people. Instead of using flowery, comforting, and happy imagery to express his feelings, Hummer uses the simile of being like a boy who has fallen into a silo of grain and died.

This seems like it would be a rather dark comparison to make about love, but Hummer focuses on how the boy died by lack of air. He even uses the structure of the poem to mimic gasping for air by including many commas and splitting sentences between lines. This gives the poem a desperate, urgent tone, almost like someone trying to speak their stream of consciousness and running out of breath.

Hummer also uses the boy’s death to convey how both death and love change one’s life permanently. The boy’s father will never be the same without him, just as the speaker won’t be the same after loving the woman on their lap. Both events take one to a state that doesn’t feel like the world anymore and leaves them forever changed after they experience such things.

The Darkness

In the first half of the poem “The Portrait” by Stanley Kunitz, each new line adds a new layer to the story.

My mother never forgave my father

for killing himself,

especially at such an awkward time

and in a public park,

that spring

when I was waiting to be born.”

When reading it seems that the end of each line is the end of the story but when you get to the next line it adds another detail which makes the story more interesting. The extra details add another element to the story and further explains why the mother didn’t forgive the father. The poet could have ended at “my mother never forgave my father” and moved on to the next part but he chose to elaborate the story and did so with the line breaks.

 

without a single word

and slapped me hard.

In my sixty-fourth year

I can feel my cheek

still burning.”

These lines really resonated with me because my parents used corporal punishment on my siblings and myself and I could still to this day recall where I was slapped and how it felt. When a parent hits you it’s something you don’t really forget as the character in the poem showed when they said: “In my sixty-fourth year I can feel my cheek still burning”. This was a really powerful line especially because it really emphasized just how scarring corporal punishment is to a child.

 

My favorite line in the whole poem was “and in a public park.” I thought first that it was funny and second that it really showed a little about the mom and how that was an important part of why his suicide angered her. The mom’s personality is seen and it is clear she cares greatly about what people think about her and a public suicide gave her the kind of attention she didn’t like. The poem, in general, gives off the feeling that the mom is a little heartless and insensitive. Instead of thinking about her husband and what he would have been going through that made him kill himself, she is thinking about herself and how it made her look and the timing of when he did it. I think the mothers’ reaction also adds a darkness to the poem that the suicide alone wouldn’t have created.

Realization

“Men at forty” by  Donald Justice, is written with a lovely metaphor of how when you turn 40 you are realizing that you are no longer a child, therefore you are finally mature.

 “Men at forty
Learn to close softly
The doors to rooms they will not be
Coming back to.”

 

Justice is using a metaphor for closing the doors of their childhood and early adulthood. They are finally moving on to the next steps in their life whether they like it or not. They are not realizing it at first, but slowly they do and finally, they will not return to the past.

“And deep in mirrors
They rediscover
The face of the boy as he practices trying
His father’s tie there in secret
And the face of that father,
Still warm with the mystery of lather.
They are more fathers than sons themselves now.”

This quote is giving the metaphor on how the son, who is now a father is realizing that his childhood memories will now be his son’s and he is the father he used to look up too. It gives us the realization that the poet is feeling. We realize that we are no longer that kid who tried on their father’s tie and that we are now the father who has the kid who tries on our tie. The person we always looked up and prospered to be we are now them. As we stand in the mirror at forty we come to the reality that we have become our father or the person we looked up too. We have finally matured.

 

 

 

 

Erratic Poetry

“Autumn Day,” by Rainer Maria Rilke has a rhyme scheme that is very inconsistent. In the first verse, there is this one rhyme and what follows it is very fluid to say.

Lord: it is time. The huge summer has gone by.

In the second verse, the ending of the first and last lines rhyme but the two middle lines are written very awkwardly and I find that the third and fourth lines don’t flow well.

Command the fruits to swell on tree and vine;

grant them a few more warm transparent days,

urge them on to fulfillment then, and press

the final sweetness into the heavy wine.

The last verse has repetition and the endings of the last word in lines three and five ends with an -ing.

Whoever has no house now, will never have one.

Whoever is alone will stay alone,

Will sit, read, write long letters through the evening,

and wander on the boulevards, up and down,

restlessly, while the dry leaves are blowing.

I find that the erratic rhyming and structure very interesting, it’s like how feelings are in oneself. It feels like a very sad poem and it talks about loneliness. It feels like someone is talking about how life won’t change even if the seasons do and how some days are nice, but life is generally not changing. The repetition of Whoever is like the monotony of the description of life.

“The Portrait,” by Stanley Kunitz, also feels very erratic and sharp, but it also feels fluid in both the story and the structure. It has a straightforward timeline/series of events, but each line had a scene that began and ended in that line. This is what makes it feel almost erratic in it’s finality in each line.

No Children

by John Darnielle

I hope that our few remaining friends
Give up on trying to save us
I hope we come up with a failsafe plot
To piss off the dumb few that forgave us
I hope the fences we mended
Fall down beneath their own weight
And I hope we hang on past the last exit
I hope it’s already too late
And I hope the junkyard a few blocks from here
Someday burns down
And I hope the rising black smoke carries me far away
And I never come back to this town
Again in my life
I hope I lie
And tell everyone you were a good wife
And I hope you die
I hope we both die

I hope I cut myself shaving tomorrow
I hope it bleeds all day long
Our friends say it’s darkest before the sun rises
We’re pretty sure they’re all wrong
I hope it stays dark forever
I hope the worst isn’t over
And I hope you blink before I do
Yeah I hope I never get sober
And I hope when you think of me years down the line
You can’t find one good thing to say
And I’d hope that if I found the strength to walk out
You’d stay the hell out of my way
I am drowning
There is no sign of land
You are coming down with me
Hand in unlovable hand
And I hope you die
I hope we both die

For more poems by Melissa Lozado-Oliva, go here.

Poems

“Those Winter Sundays” is a poem written by Robert Hayden that begins with the speaker reflecting on the father’s routine:

then with cracked hands that ached
from labor in the weekday weather made
banked fires blaze. No one ever thanked him.

The speaker clearly displays in his eyes that the father  has never been treated correctly for the work he has completed. It appears that the father is a firefighter as well as the speaker. The speaker never realized how much the father did for them as an individual.

“A Portrait” a poem by Stanley Kunitz the speaker talks about the guilt that the mother has against the father for making a decision that goes against what she felt.

She locked his name in her deepest cabinet and would not let him out, though I could hear him thumping.

The mother hides the father from the speaker but even as a child the speaker still felt the fathers presence. The life the speaker has lived without the presence and knowledge of the father, knowing that the mother knew still has an impact on the speaker.

 

The wind flung a magpie away and a black-
Back gull bent like an iron bar slowly…
— Ted Hughes, “Wind”

2016-01-03 16.19.47-41This poem is full of remarkable metaphors: a house “far out at sea all night,” the woods “crashing through darkness,” the “skyline a grimace,” the house ringing “like some fine green goblet in the note / That any second would shatter it.”  My favorite image from this poem, though, is in the two lines above, a “black- / Back gull bent like an iron bar slowly.” The exaggerated alliteration of the b  sound combined with the staccato rhythm of the short syllables seems to conjure the brutal strength of the wind, a tension that is released in the very different sound of slowly. Every time I read this poem I feel as though I can see the gull straining and straining against the storm’s winds, its wings extended, and then, when its strength is finally gone, its form slowly bending before it is swept away.

The Poetry Foundation’s brief biography of Ted Hughes contains this assertion: “The rural landscape of Hughes’s youth in Yorkshire exerted a lasting influence on his work. To read Hughes’s poetry is to enter a world dominated by nature, especially by animals.”

“The Wind” is one such poem in which the natural world does not merely appear; it dominates:

Now deep
In chairs, in front of the great fire, we grip
Our hearts and cannot entertain book, thought,

Or each other.

Here’s the complete poem:

Wind

This house has been far out at sea all night,
The woods crashing through darkness, the booming hills,
Winds stampeding the fields under the window
Floundering black astride and blinding wet

Till day rose; then under an orange sky
The hills had new places, and wind wielded
Blade-light, luminous black and emerald,
Flexing like the lens of a mad eye.

At noon I scaled along the house-side as far as
The coal-house door. Once I looked up –
Through the brunt wind that dented the balls of my eyes
The tent of the hills drummed and strained its guyrope,

The fields quivering, the skyline a grimace,
At any second to bang and vanish with a flap;
The wind flung a magpie away and a black-
Back gull bent like an iron bar slowly. The house

Rang like some fine green goblet in the note
That any second would shatter it. Now deep
In chairs, in front of the great fire, we grip
Our hearts and cannot entertain book, thought,

Or each other. We watch the fire blazing,
And feel the roots of the house move, but sit on,
Seeing the window tremble to come in,
Hearing the stones cry out under the horizons.

— Ted Hughes

Men at Forty

Men at forty
Learn to close softly
The doors to rooms they will not be
Coming back to.

At rest on a stair landing,
They feel it
Moving beneath them now like the deck of a ship,
Though the swell is gentle.

And deep in mirrors
They rediscover
The face of the boy as he practices tying
His father’s tie there in secret

And the face of that father,
Still warm with the mystery of lather.
They are more fathers than sons themselves now.
Something is filling them, something

That is like the twilight sound
Of the crickets, immense,
Filling the woods at the foot of the slope
Behind their mortgaged houses.

— Donald Justice

IMG_1249I remember when, years ago, I would read Donald Justice’s poem “Men at Forty” with a kind of anticipatory nostalgia, imagining the sweet melancholy I would feel when I left my thirties behind and joined the legions of men who must, as Justice puts it,  “learn to close softly / The doors to rooms they will not be / Coming back to.” I imagined what it would be like to stand before a bathroom mirror and encounter my own image in precisely the manner that the poem describes –

And deep in mirrors 
They rediscover 
The face of the boy as he practices trying 
His father’s tie there in secret 

And the face of that father, 
Still warm with the mystery of lather

–  past and present merging in the very features of my face, a face that would have become more like my father’s than that of the child I had once been. “They are more fathers than sons themselves now,” Justice declares with a kind of forlorn certainty, the scale of time finally tipped from one side to the other, and I imagined that this would of course be true.

2016-01-01 07.56.53It was not true for me, though, when I turned forty. I continued to feel then more son than father, though my father had already died. Now that I am fifty – past fifty, having turned fifty-one – it does indeed seem true, indisputably and inconsolably true. Any childhood photograph of me looks a great deal more like my son than like me, this son who now at seventeen looks more like a man than a boy. And I am startled from time to time when I look in the mirror and feel that I have caught a glimpse, brief and unsettling and spectral, of my father’s weathered face, my startled expression become his, as if he too is surprised to have stumbled upon me in such an otherwise insignificant moment.

As for the photos I have of my father, they have begun to look – not more like me than him, not that, but more of me, as if they were taken as sly predictions or gentle warnings (to which I was, of course, always much too young to attend) that this is what I would become, the expression I would bear, the lines and folds that I would wear as though they were etched there, as indeed they were in a way, in some act of ritual scarification.

Something is filling them,” filling these men, Justice goes on to write at his poem’s conclusion,

something 
That is like the twilight sound
Of the crickets, immense,
Filling the woods at the foot of the slope
Behind their mortgage houses.

And I used to snicker a little, way back when, at the sweet sad irony of that final line, of the mundane earthly debts and responsibilities – the mortgaged house and all that comes with it: the slope behind it with its inevitably disappointing lawn and the gray mulched flower beds and the scattering of sticks and snake holes and dried leaves – so many inconsequential annoyances and obligations intruding upon that immense and somber and crepuscular sound, the universe’s holy shimmering that the man who has turned forty has just begun to detect.

IMG_6099I don’t snicker any more. I don’t snicker because I know what I didn’t know at thirty or even forty, what even Donald Justice may not have known when he wrote this poem.  He was, after all, only just past forty himself when the poem appeared in his 1967 collection Night Light, and so perhaps he was still caught in the sweet pleasures of its sad embrace. I know now, a man at fifty, that even our mundane earthly debts acquire, as time passes, as the scale dips further down, their own spectral grace. We begin to sense that these too – and not just our mortgaged house but the spindly trees we planted, the weedy beds to which we seasonally attend, the dry leaves spilling from the woods’ edge, the sputtering car with its cracked windshield, the flat-tired wheelbarrow, the unwieldy unreliable rake, the vines creeping around porch rails and above doorways, the wasp-infested birdhouse, the nest spilling twigs and cloth from its perch, the carpenter bees’ tunnels of mud and spit, the aching joints, the calloused hands, the cloudy eyes, the stacks of bills in their leather folder, the empty bottles and cans in the kitchen cupboard, the unsprung mousetraps and garbage bags and dryer sheets and wicker baskets and clothes yet to be ironed and nearly spent candles and loose change on the counter – all of this, every bit, are merely the notes composing the grand elegiac hymn, a million and a million more droning voices. They are all, all of them, that twilight sound I hear. It is immense, unceasing, terrifying, as haunting and beautiful a sound as anyone would ever hope to hear.

And I know this, too, I guess, or suspect it – that at sixty I will finally understand that at fifty I had not yet heard the half of it, did not have a clue of the great, magnificent sounds the earth could make, the giant crash of thunder or an axe raised high against the darkening sky to again and again split the wood.

(This post is reprinted from the blog The Admonishing Song.)

My Papa’s Waltz

by Theodore Roethke

The whiskey on your breath
Could make a small boy dizzy;
But I hung on like death:
Such waltzing was not easy.

We romped until the pans
Slid from the kitchen shelf;
My mother’s countenance
Could not unfrown itself.

The hand that held my wrist
Was battered on one knuckle;
At every step you missed
My right ear scraped a buckle.

You beat time on my head
With a palm caked hard by dirt,
Then waltzed me off to bed
Still clinging to your shirt.

For more information about The Favorite Poem Project, go here.

Minstrel Man

by Langston Hughes

Because my mouth
Is wide with laughter
And my throat
Is deep with song,
You do not think
I suffer after
I have held my pain
So long?

Because my mouth
Is wide with laughter,
You do not hear
My inner cry?
Because my feet
Are gay with dancing,
You do not know
I die?

For more information about The Favorite Poem Project, go here.

Continue Reading »

Unreal Reality

Throughout “Behind the Blue Curtain” by Steven Millhauser, the reader, along with the unnamed main character, feels as though they are seeing things better left unseen.  Speaking in the past tense, the narrator describes a Saturday in his childhood when he was first allowed to go to the movies alone. His first description of the movie theaters, which he gives before he describes his first solo trip, is glamorous and romanticized:

“I savored every stage: the hot summer sunshine outside the ticket booth, the indoor sunlight of the entranceway with its glass-covered Coming Attractions and its velvet rope, the artificial glow of the red lobby, the mysterious dusk of the theater, the swift decisive darkening—and between the blue folds of the curtain, slowly parting, the sudden shining of the screen.”

His father explains to him that the films they see are actually still pictures, which is the first hint that things aren’t as pretty as they seem.  The narrator, despite grasping, on some level, the gravity of what his father was trying to tell him, ignores reality and describes the movie stars as on a pedestal, similar to how he described the theater.    

“The beings behind the curtain had nothing to do with childish flip-books or the long strips of grey negatives hanging in the kitchen from silver clips.  They led their exalted lives beyond mine, in some other realm entirely, shining, desirably, impenetrable.”

This passage foreshadows the later events of the story, in which the narrator, instead of meeting his father after the movie, stays in the theater and peeks behind the blue curtain to find a different reality.  He finds himself miniaturized among giant movie stars that appear to ignore him until he realizes that his presence “inspired them to be more grandly themselves. For weren’t they secretly in need of being watched, these lofty creatures, did they not become themselves through the act of being witnessed?”  

The narrator follows one movie star in particular, and when she faints as part of a dramatic monologue, he touches her corset, expecting to feel “satiny material.”  Instead, he falls through her, and, for an instant, becomes her. As her, all he experiences is “a sensation of whiteness or darkness, a white darkness.” He finds in the most intimate way that, when not seen, she doesn’t exist.  

The entire “land of the movie stars” scene is particularly striking because in it, the young narrator is exposed to the reality of the world in a completely unreal way.  His earlier description of the movie theater as a place of mystery and wonder clashes with his new understanding that the movie stars don’t exist in real life, and that the theater is run like any other business.  Surrounding the fantastic scene of the giant movie stars are smaller slices of reality that the narrator describes in passing: a janitor mopping up the bathroom, an usher sweeping away discarded candy wrappers and ashes, and the candy counter abandoned, lit only by a single bulb.  

At the end of the story, the narrator rushes to his father, disturbed by what he’d seen.  He doesn’t seem to understand that, now that he’s lifted the blue curtain, he can’t get back the innocence he had just hours before.  

Perfect Dad

In Jeanette Winterson’s “The Green Man,” it is at first unclear who is telling the story. For the first page, the author writes in a poetic way that makes it seem as if it is from the perspective of the daughter.

These round bellied glint-eyed horses are Trojan horses. Truant, feckless, anarchic, unsaddled and munching to bare earth the ordered weekends of Daddy’s life; the lawn.”

On the next page, we learn that the father is telling the story and it is not the daughter.

My daughter came back from school and said ‘Daddy, in the Olden Days the Queen married the King and after a year she killed him.’ I said ‘I know sweetheart .'”

Throughout the whole story, the father continues to speak in tongues, and events seem to pass strangely. We get more into the Dad’s head and learn that while he loves his family he doesn’t want to stay with them and feels trapped. He has strange encounters with the people at the fair and the story ends with him buying his daughter a horse that was brought to their house.

The short story”Are These Actual Miles”by Raymon Carver is told in the third person; it’s about a man named Leo and a woman named Toni. In this story, Leo and Toni are selling an automobile and Leo is afraid that Toni will not be successful when making the sale. She, however, is successful in making the sale. With Leo and Toni running this scam, everything catches up to them. Toni comes home hurt, repeatedly saying “bankrupt” to Leo; he goes out into the driveway and speaks to the man in the car as he’s leaving,

Hey, one question. Between friends, are these actual miles?” The man stating, “Okay look, it doesn’t matter either way. I must go”

Leo realizes what has occurred and that the selling has become too much to handle; he goes back into the house and lies down with Toni, remembering the old car.

Fiction Exercise 3

Choose one of these images and without using dialogue, write two pages that convey to your reader what the character is seeing, thinking, and feeling in this scene. Place your document in the Fiction Exercise 3 folder on Google Drive by Thursday’s class. (And don’t forget that we’re moving to Benedict 101.)

crewdson

b3d5f3a73ea011d378b79de3be79afcb

Screen Shot 2019-02-12 at 9.07.34 AM

Screen Shot 2019-02-12 at 9.06.10 AM

Love, Death, and Fear

“In the Cemetery Where Al Johnson is Buried” by Amy Hempel is definitely a story about fear. Of course, the overall theme is a fear of death, but then there is an underlying theme of the fear of running out of time to do something important.

An important piece of this story that you shouldn’t miss is that our main character is deeply in love with her dying best friend. It’s painfully obvious in the scene where the dying girl introduces our narrator as The Best Friend. The narrator describes it as “more intimate” and that “they [the nurse and her friend] are intimate,” implying that they could be more than nurse and patient. It’s also obvious when the Good Doctor is in the room and our narrator leaves. She also flat out says there was a kiss between them. The tone of the sentences, the shortness of them — everything gives away our main girl’s feelings, but she loves her friend too much to try and tie her down to something towards the end of her life. She wants her friend to have fun even if it drives her insane.

When she’s talking about her flying class, saying she’s afraid she’ll “finish the course and still be afraid,” she is not talking just about the flying course. She lost her chance with her best friend; she was the one afraid to confess. Her friend obviously knew she was in love with her but didn’t do anything because she didn’t want to push her Best Friend and risk her running away even though she still did in the end. Our narrator was hurting too much and too afraid to stay with her, so now she’s trying to make up for it by facing her other fears. Even if it hurts, even if it doesn’t work out in the end, she doesn’t want to waste another chance for anything. She lost her best friend, her love, and now she’s trying not to lose herself.

« Newer Posts - Older Posts »